Neste dia 24 de julho, Foto 2018, Julio Rosario instala sistema de energia solar em casa em Adjuntas, Porto Rico. O grupo ambiental sem fins lucrativos Casa Pueblo instalou sistemas solares em duas lojas de ferragens, uma barbearia e várias lojas de esquina que os ativistas esperam que sirvam como um oásis de energia onde as pessoas podem carregar seus telefones e armazenar medicamentos durante uma tempestade, se necessário. (AP Photo / Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Dez meses depois do furacão Maria, Adjuntas ainda perde energia sempre que uma chuva forte ou vento atinge as frágeis linhas de energia que alimentam esta cidade no alto das montanhas centrais de Porto Rico.
Isso deixa seus 20, 000 pessoas mais uma vez no escuro, Sem luz, água doce ou ar condicionado - exceto para um punhado de casas e empresas que brilham à noite graças à energia solar.
O povo de Adjuntas chama esses lugares de "cucubanos, "um vaga-lume porto-riquenho indígena. Eles fazem parte de um movimento pequeno, mas crescente, para fornecer ao território dos EUA produtos sustentáveis, energia renovável independente da rede elétrica decrépita.
Diversas lojas de ferragens, barbearias e lojas de esquina em toda a ilha estão adotando a energia solar, tentando se livrar de uma empresa estatal de energia que continua fortemente dependente do petróleo importado. Os números permanecem pequenos - algumas dezenas ou centenas de milhões de usuários de energia - mas funcionários da indústria de energia e ambientalistas estão observando de perto isso como um teste para saber se Porto Rico pode fazer uma mudança em grande escala para renovável, energia fora da rede.
Atualmente, as energias renováveis representam 4 por cento da geração na empresa de energia de Porto Rico, contra uma média nacional dos EUA de 15 por cento, portanto, provavelmente levará anos até que a energia solar possa ser responsável por uma parte significativa da energia de Porto Rico.
Nesta foto de 20 de julho, painéis solares instalados pela Tesla, alimentam uma comunidade de 12 casas na cidade montanhosa de Las Piedras, Porto Rico. Las Piedras ainda não tem energia fora da rede nacional, mais de 10 meses após o furacão Maria e agora opera exclusivamente com energia solar. (AP Photo / Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Mesmo assim, "Porto Rico pode ser uma oficina experimental para energia solar e eólica, "Representante Darren Soto, um democrata da Flórida, disse em uma audiência no Congresso na quarta-feira.
Enquanto Adjuntas é pontilhada por ilhas movidas a energia solar, uma comunidade de 12 casas na cidade montanhosa de Las Piedras ainda não tem energia central e opera exclusivamente com energia solar fornecida pela Tesla, o fabricante de alta tecnologia de carros elétricos e outros produtos de energia. Instalou 160 painéis solares em um terreno de propriedade do morador José Santana.
Santana, um técnico em eletrônica, disse que adora o aplicativo para smartphone que permite monitorar as baterias do Tesla carregadas com energia solar. Ele disse que o governo deveria considerar ir para a energia solar e descartar a atual rede elétrica "arcaica".
"Isso pode nos tirar da bagunça em que estamos, "disse ele." Não há nada de errado em ter uma visão do futuro. É hora de começar a fazer mudanças. "
Nesta foto de 20 de julho, José Santana posa para uma foto mostrando seu aplicativo de telefone, onde pode monitorar a geração e o consumo de energia do sistema solar em sua casa em Las Piedras, Porto Rico. Santana, um técnico eletrônico de 64 anos, diz que adora o aplicativo para smartphone que permite monitorar as baterias do Tesla carregadas com energia solar. Ele disse que o governo deveria considerar ir para a energia solar e descartar a atual rede elétrica "arcaica". (AP Photo / Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Como em Las Piedras, alguns usuários de energia solar estão contando com corporações e grupos sem fins lucrativos para doar equipamentos caros. Outros ficaram tão irritados com as interrupções contínuas que estão assumindo a responsabilidade de instalar seus próprios sistemas.
"Sou músico. Tenho uma orquestra de salsa. Não sei nada sobre eletricidade, "disse Felix Torres, que recentemente instalou nove painéis solares no telhado de sua casa, no cimo de uma montanha na cidade oriental de Caguas. "I was afraid of getting electrocuted and damaging equipment worth thousands of dollars. ... But we should not depend so much on the government. They already have their hands full."
Torres recently joined nearly two dozen other people at a three-day workshop to learn about the costs and lifespans of solar systems, the equipment required and precautions they need to consider. The clip-clop of horses interrupted their chatter as the sun set on hills where electricity returned several months ago.
Many at the workshop pulled out their power bills along with pens and notebooks as they made comparisons and shared their frustrations. Among them was Jose Barreto, who set up a makeshift solar system at his house in the mountain town of Guavate.
In this July 20 photo, a trailer with batteries and inverters from the Tesla, is parked on top of a hill in Las Piedras, Puerto Rico. Las Piedras still lacks central power is operating exclusively on solar energy provided by Tesla, the high-tech maker of electric cars and other power products, which installed 160 solar panels on a plot of land owned by resident Jose Santana. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
"It hasn't collapsed because God is merciful, " ele disse, grumbling that his wife insists on washing and ironing at night, sucking up precious battery life. "I tell her, olhar, this is a lifestyle that runs on daytime hours."
A few hundred Puerto Ricans still haven't recovered electricity service since Hurricane Maria hit Sept. 20, and millions suffer periodic outages. Crews are trying to fortify the unstable grid in the middle of this year's hurricane season. When the remnants of Tropical Storm Beryl passed through in early July, up to 47, 000 customers were left without lights, although most of the power was restored the same day.
In Las Piedras, Blanca Martinez, a retired school bus driver who is married to Santana, started to weep as she described the happiness of having a solar-powered home.
"It's sometimes hard to explain, " she said. "When you're a person who is in need, who is suffering, this comes along and you have light without having to worry whether a wire fell."
In this July 20 photo, solar panels installed by Tesla, power a community of 12 homes in the mountain town of Las Piedras, Puerto Rico. The homes still do not have power from the national grid, more than 10 months after Hurricane Maria and now is operating exclusively on solar energy. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Another corporation, German-based sonnen, helped donate and install at least 15 solar microgrids across the island to help power laundromats, escolas, community centers and medical clinics.
Adam Gentner, the company's director of business development and Latin American expansion, said the aim is to create a resilient system that can operate regardless of weather conditions.
This week, Siemens published a report in which it envisions the construction of 10 mini-grids across Puerto Rico that would depend on renewable energy. Unlike microgrids, officials said, mini-grids are bigger and can use the current distribution infrastructure.
In Adjuntas, the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, a barber shop and several small stores that activists hope will serve as power oases where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. In upcoming months, some 30 homes also will be fitted with the system.
In this July 20 photo, a sign in Spanish that reads "Attention government, AEE. Montones wants light. Six months without light, " hangs from a pole in Las Piedras, Puerto Rico. A scattering of hardware stores, barbershops and corner stores across the island are embracing solar energy, trying to wean themselves off a state-owned power company that remains heavily dependent on petroleum. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
Wilfredo Perez said he can now open his barbershop 11 hours a day, six days a week thanks to the new system.
"Since it was installed, it hasn't failed me, " ele disse, adding that he hasn't had to switch over to the power company's system. "The electricity in Puerto Rico doesn't work."
Federal officials are growing more worried about the turmoil at Puerto Rico's Electric Power Authority, which has seen five directors since Hurricane Maria. A U.S. House committee held a hearing Wednesday on the company's troubles.
Officials have stressed the need to depoliticize the company, create an independent regulator and resolve its $9 billion public debt as it prepares to privatize power generation and award concession for transmission and distribution.
In this July 24, Foto 2018, Julio Rosario, direito, and his team instal a solar energy system in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. The nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, one barber shop and several corner stores that activists hope will serve as a power oasis where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
None of this worries Arturo Massol, associate director of Casa Pueblo in Adjuntas.
"Let them do what they want over there, " he said. "We're taking control of our energy destiny."
In this July 24, Foto 2018, a technician instals a solar energy system at a home in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. In upcoming months, some 30 homes will be fitted with the system. In upcoming months, some 30 homes also will be fitted with the system. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto 2018, a set of solar charged batteries power Edilberto Rivera's restaurant in Adjuntas, Puerto rico. The system was provided by the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo. The nonprofit has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, a barber shop and several small stores that activists hope will serve as power oases where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto 2018, Julio Rosario, deixou, instals a solar energy system with the founder of the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo Alexis Masol, in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. The nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo has installed solar systems at two hardware stores, one barber shop and several corner stores that activists hope will serve as a power oasis where people can charge their phones and store medications during a storm if needed. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto 2018, Sergio Vega, owner of the Olympia corner store poses for a photo at his business in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. Vega's shop is power by a solar energy system provided by the nonprofit environmental group Casa Pueblo. (AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
In this July 24, Foto 2018, barber Wilfredo Perez poses for a photo in front of his solar powered barber shop in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. Perez says he can now open his barbershop 11 hours a day, six days a week thanks to the new system.(AP Photo/ Dennis M. Rivera Pichardo)
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